CFD modeling of pressure variation in a road cavity with volume variation
Résumé
This paper deals with the variation of air volume at the contact interface between a rolling tyre and a road cavity leading to aerodynamic phenomena such as air-pumping. A numerical model was developed (in 2D and 3D) based on Computational Fluid Dynamics, using the Fluent solver, coupled with a displacement function of the bottom of the cavity representing its volume variation. Results showed that the maximum pressure reached at the bottom of the cavity during its complete closure increased as its volume decreased. The pressure variation was related to the volume variation by a relationship close to Laplace law for perfect gases. In addition, pressure oscillations after the opening of the cavity increased in amplitude and frequency as its volume decreased. Moreover, in the case of the experimental setup of Hamet (1990), introducing the volume variation estimated by Laplace law in the 3D model has shown better agreement between the calculated pressure and the measured pressure in comparison with the model neglecting this volume variation. Future work would therefore be to obtain the actual volume variation caused by the penetration of the tyre tread inside the cavity. This could be done either experimentally or numerically using a tyre/road contact model.
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